People practice yoga in Acetala, India
Edit/Hu Yanfen
India has always claimed to be the ancient international education center. The University of Nhalao University, which was established in India in the 5th century AD, was not only considered the world's first boarding university, but also known as "the Ivy League School of Media's Ivy League in the Middle Ages".During the heyday, Na Tuo University had 2,000 teachers and 9 million books, which had attracted tens of thousands of students from East and Central Asia to learn medical, logic, mathematics, and Buddhism.
Today, the Minister of Education in India, Sakal, said that the scale of Higher Education in India has ranked second in the world, with 38 million students, 1,100 universities and more than 40,000 colleges.However, India's reputation in the global higher education field is far less than ancient India.
The low level of world -class universities and internationalization of education has always troubled India. The number of international students studying in India has always been less than 50,000. However, the number of Indian students who go abroad for education opportunities are increasing year by year.According to data from the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of India, as of 2022, the number of overseas students in India has reached 1.32 million, becoming one of the most exporting countries in the world.
In order to improve the quality of education and completely change the Indian education system, the Modi government launched the new version of the National Education Policy (NEP2020) in 2020.This document proposes that India's higher education needs to realize "internationalization" in accordance with a series of global standards and specifications. By cooperating with the best institutions in the world, India has re -established India as a "Vishwagur" global education.In February this year, Indian Finance Minister Sitraman submitted a federal budget in 2024.Indian media said that the new fiscal year budget may further promote the internationalization of India's higher education.Agra Investment
The "four -year test" of the internationalization of Higher Education in India
Before the NEP2020, the Indian government also introduced several national education policies.The reason why the NEP2020 has received widespread attention from the education community at home and abroad is that this is the first national policy in India to take the internationalization of education as a priority development direction.Its vision is to make India a "global learning destination" and an educational center that attracts international students, and formulates a roadmap for the internationalization of higher education by 2030.
The content of NEP2020 is much watched: allowing the world's top universities to establish campuses in India; encourage high -level Indian universities to set up branches overseas; relax the credit management, and calculate the credits obtained by students in foreign universities as appropriate;With the establishment of partnerships and promoting cooperation and exchanges between India and foreign universities; actively promoting India's unique subjects such as Ayurveda Medicine and Yoga to attract international students.
Under the guidance of NEP2020, India began to hit the door to internationalization of higher education.
A series of documents aimed at promoting internationalization of higher education, including the "International Guidelines for Higher Education" formulated by the Indian University Make -up Committee under the NEP2020 framework.The academic cooperation regulations of the degree courses, as well as the operating regulations of foreign higher education institutions in India.
Indian higher education institutions have set up an international affairs office aimed at providing convenience for international students.Former Secretary of the Indian government and Higher Education Researcher Agwal said that more than a decade ago, only no more than 15 universities had international offices in India, and now as many as 180 universities set up an international affairs office.
The one -stop official platform "Sii Study (SII) portal" was officially launched.The website not only shows all courses involving undergraduate, master students, doctoral students, and Indian knowledge systems, but also provides international students with user -friendly application processes from registered to visa approval.It is on this platform that EDCIL, a company affiliated to the Ministry of Education, released a short -term credits of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) and the National Institute of Technology (NIT). Foreign students can choose to learn for a semester in IIT and NIT and get related related relatedReturn to educational institutions of their respective countries after the technical curriculum credits.It is said that the move aims to attract more overseas students from ASEAN and other Indian families.
The well -known Indian University of Technology and Research University Indian Institute of Technology Madras and Delhi Branch took the lead in the world.The International Campus, a branch of Madlas, was officially launched in October 2023 at the International Campus built by Sanzania. Delhi has signed a memorandum of understanding to set up a campus in the UAE's capital, and it is expected to provide courses in 2024.IIT Maderas Professor Aghaleiam told the "Gulf News" reporter that the physical campus established by IIT overseas will help the international community to learn more about India's IIT brand.
In January of this year, Australian Australian University and Wolonggang University were officially unveiled in the branch school established in Gujarat International Financial Technology City, India. This is the first international branch of India. Indian officials described it as the first to "realize NEP2020 about the dream of promoting the internationalization of Indian education.step".Ravneet Pawha, Vice President of Dicken University Global Alliance, said at the unveiling ceremony that he looked forward to the future regional center of the Dicken India campus and attract students from all over the world to India.
This is the site of Nahada University in the southeast of Batna, the capital of Bitana, northern India
In addition, India's universities have begun to improve their global rankings by promoting research and innovation, and the international rankings of India's higher education institutions have improved in recent years.In the 2024QS World University Rankings, a total of 148 Indian universities were on the list, and the number has exceeded Japan.QS Senior Vice President Ben Sowter praised India in the press release issued to the media: "Indian University's ranking on the QS ranking has continued to increase, reflecting the dynamic expansion of India's higher education pattern.Its path of status in the global academic community.
Will there be more foreign universities in India?
So far, India has promoted internationalization of higher education, and Australia's Australia and Wolonggang University have set up campus on the campus as the most important results of the government.
The Indian campus of the University of Denken has a 2 -year business analysis and network security graduate course for local students, with a cost of about 2.1 million rupees (about 180,000 yuan).The school said that this cost was only half of the cost of Dicken's international curriculum in Australia.
The Indian government's idea is that this will not only provide Indian students with high -quality higher education choices, thereby reducing their needs for studying abroad, but also attract more reputable foreign higher education institutions to build a school in India to cultivate high -quality high -qualityTeaching and research ecosystem.However, compared with the Indian government, experts from domestic and foreign universities are not optimistic about the prospects of foreign universities.
Unknown regulatory regulations may hinder foreign universities to build universities in India.British journalist Helen Parker, who continues to pay attention to the trend of Indian education, wrote a article for the international education media the Pie News that although the new Indian regulations allow top global institutions to apply for the establishment of a campus in India, it is not a one to adapt to the country's complex regulatory environment.Easy things.In order to allow foreign education institutions to establish a profitable entity, India needs to amend relevant laws.
Mike Winter, director of the University of London, pointed out in the Magazine of Times Higher Education that although two universities in Australia have established branches in India, considering the investment level and risks, most British institutions are not too medium -term in the short term.It may be followed.
Earlier, Viggs, Vice President of New Delhi National Education Planning and Administrative University, published his views on the establishment of branches in India in the "International Higher Education" magazine published by Boston College.He believes that the decision of the establishment of a branch of foreign universities is "driven by the profitability of investment". Because India's current revenue generated by foreign institutions in India, the relevant laws and regulations of the country are still unclear.A branch school is opened in India.Most foreign institutions are more happy to attract Indian students to study in the country's campuses, because the profit generated by this is higher than that of branches in India.
The ranking threshold set by India for the settlement of foreign universities is also controversial.Many experts have noticed that the Indian government initially announced that only the top 100 educational institutions in the world ranking were allowed to establish branches in India. Later, this condition was significantly relaxed to the top 500 global rankings.It has considerable autonomy.
Mike Winter said that the British industry questioned the above thresholds set by India, because in this way, India has excluded those small but professional institutions.But its specific disciplines are often in the world's leading position.Vigs holds a similar view. He believes that the Indian government's original intention is good, but it will not be distinguished and generally welcomes the provisions of the establishment of top institutions in India to restrict foreign universities to India.
The former vice president of the University of Nehru, Sudir Sorbiri, firmly believed that he would set up a high threshold for foreign universities.He emphasized to the Indian Education Magazine "Course" that those second- and third -tier foreign universities may be interested in India, but India does not need them.These universities cannot promote the rejuvenation of higher education in India, nor can they bring institutional innovation and culture that can only be available abroad.
In addition, India also rejected foreign institutions to provide online courses and announced that they did not recognize related online degrees, which said that foreign experts were "disappointed."According to regulations, foreign universities with campuses in India can only provide full -time courses in offline models.
New Delhi National Educational Planning and Administrative University Tirak, who has supported the Indian government, emphasized that "encouraging foreign universities to establish a campus in India can not only increase Indian students' opportunities for foreign education, but also to attract foreign countriesStudents study at the Indian campus and online education violates this original intention.
Realization goals are not easy
With the major promotion of the international agenda of higher education, India seems to have begun to prepare to re -draw its educational pattern on the world territory.Indian Prime Minister Modi vowed to the public more than once, "I believe India will soon become a global education center."It is reported that the Modi government's most reliable think tank Indian National Reform and Development Commission (Niti Aayog) is preparing a 2047 vision document (2047 is the 100th anniversary of India's independence), and education will play a unique role in it.
On the campus campus of the University of New Delhi, the Indian capital, students participated in the Red Festival celebration
According to the Indian government plan, by 2030, at least 10 Indian higher education institutions should enter the top 200 in the world's ranking. By 2047, the goal will be 20, of which 10 universities will enter the top 100; the government attracts India to attract IndiaThe goal of the number of international students is to reach 200,000 and 500,000 by 2030 and 2047, respectively.
It has been used for about 20 years to increase the number of international students from nearly 50,000 to 500,000, and this goal is not easy for India.When the author studied in India in the 1990s, the number of international students in India was less than 10,000. It was not until 10 years ago that the number rose to 30,000, and it still did not exceed 50,000.
According to the author's observation, India's international student sources have not changed more in the past 30 years.More than 30 years ago, my friends from international students were mostly from Nepal, Bangladesh and Kenya. Now international students in India still mainly come from South Asia and Africa countries such as Nepal and Bangladesh. Most international students from the United States are Indian overseas immigrants.
Many international students studying in India have told the author that the reason why they choose to study in India is mainly because they can get higher -quality education than in India at a lower cost, followed by India's English teaching environment.
However, according to the author's experience, although English is widely used in India, language skills are still a challenge for some students and teachers.The author often listens to various lectures at the University of Nehru. Sometimes the wonderful opening remarks are still English, but they may have to be lucky next, because some scholars will only speak with their mother tongue.It can be seen that the language support plan is necessary to ensure effective communication with international students.Mumbai Investment
At present, even India's best university ranks global.On the 2024QS World University Ranking List, India has only IIT Mumbai Branch and Delhi Branch entered the top 200 global rankings; and in the Thames Higher Education World University 2024 Ranking, the top 250 in the Bangalore India Institute of Science and TechnologyIn addition to 500.
The internationalization of higher education that India is currently vigorously promoted may gradually make up for their deficiencies and exert its advantages. However, from the perspective of educational experts, India still has a long way to go.
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